1. First Trip around the World: Magallanes and Elcano
The conquest and colonization of America, even if it had its defects at the time, represent a Spanish contribution to the history of humankind.
Balboa had discovered the Pacific Ocean, however, with the sea it was necessary to establish a maritime communication. The final expedition was the one of Magallanes and Elcano.
- MAGALLANES. Ferdinand Magallanes was a Portuguese who was at the service of Emperor Charles V. His plan was to reach the Moluccas islands, which were rich in spices, through the Pacific sailing westward in order to avoid going around the African continent. Charles approved the plan and five ships sailed out of Sanlúcar de Barrameda. After crossing the Atlantic, they bordered South America and crossed the Strait of Magallanes. They encountered great difficulties in the Pacific and the scurvy disease spread among the sailors. They had swollen gums, their teeth fell and their mouths were full of sores. They reached the island of Guam and then they went to Mactan, where the king killed Magallanes.
- ELCANO. The Basque Juan Sebastián Elcano took command of the expedition and began the return by heading towards India and bordering Africa. They ended up in Sanlucar de Barrameda, from where they had began their journey three years earlier. Out of the 265 crewmembers who began the journey, 18 came back; however, they reached the goal of going around the Earth. The emperor granted a shield that had a globe on it with the following words: "Primus circumdedisti me" (the first who went around me).
2. Indicate if the statement refers to: Magallanes or Elcano.