Attention, Philosophy of Educational applications, Psychology for mobiles

Attention is about directing and concentrating psychic energy onto something. To pay attention to something is to open one’s senses and put in the effort in order for things to get inside of us.

By paying attention we get to know with more clarity, ideas are best stored in the memory and new ones are better related to older ones.

We can distinguish three types of attention: spontaneous, voluntary and habitual.

b) Through voluntary attention we can notice anything, even the least interesting things. Voluntary attention involves making an effort and fatigue often occurs.

c) Habitual attention is the type of attention that we give to things out of custom. It takes little effort.

A. Answer by choosing one of these letters: a, b, c. (If the letter turns red, then the answer is correct)

1. To concentrate one’s psychic energy onto something is
a. attention b. memory c. intelligence
2. To pay attention to something is to open one’s
a. eyes b. ears c. senses
3. To notice the things around us is to give this type of attention
a. voluntary b. spontaneous c. habitual
4. To pay attention to things that are part of our custom is to give this type of attention
a. spontaneous b. habitual c. voluntary
5. To address things that are of little interest is to give this type of attention
a. spontaneous b. habitual c. voluntary
6. This type of attention takes effort
a. voluntary b. spontaneous c. habitual

2. Conditions for attention

The objects of attention must meet these conditions:

a) Intensity. What it is strong and intense calls for attention. What is weak, does not. We pay attention to a scream, a shot and thunder.

b) Change. We can get used to the sound of an engine and almost not hear it. But, when it stops, we hear and notice the change.

c) Mobility. Everything that moves is striking: the passing car and an airplane flying by closely call for attention.

d) The new and extraordinary. Foreigners, outsiders, trends and developments arouse attention.

e) Each of us pays attention to what matters to us and this depends on our tastes and interests.

f) Personal interests are different amongst people depending on age, gender, culture, profession, hobbies, etc.

B. Answer by choosing one of these letters: a, b, c.

1. We can get used to noise due to
a. intensity b. change c. mobility
2. We pay attention to what is strong due to
a. intensity b. change c. mobility
3. What moves calls for attention due to
a. intensity b. change c. mobility
4. Depending on age and gender
a. interests are different b. the new c. the extraordinary
5. Fashion arouse attention due to
a. intensity b. the new and extraordinary c. mobility
6. Depending on tastes and hobbies
a. new b. change c. each one of us pays attention to what interests us

3. Properties of attention

a) Extension. We pay better attention to only one thing. If try to pay attention to several things, what happens is that we fix our attention to one and then to another. Psychologist W. James said that knowledge enters our intelligence one after another, in a row, like ducks and not in a herd.

b) Duration. The effort of attention oscillates. We pay attention to one thing and then to another.

c) Intensity. Concentration occurs when we pay attention to an object with effort. This is very important for studying. When a student gets used to concentrating when studying, performance is very positive. But if the student gets distracted with anything, then efficiency will be very low.

d) Wise men have the great power to concentrate, although some think they are distracted. They attend to only one thing and ignore the rest.

C. Answer by choosing one of these letters: a, b, c.

1. Attention oscillates due to
a. intensity b. extension c. duration
2. This produces concentration
a. intensity b. extension c. duration
3. Paying attention to only one thing
a. intensity b. extension c. duration
4. It is very important for studying
a. intensity b. extension c. duration
5. Wise men have a lot of
a. dispersion b. concentration c. distraction
6. It is positive for studying
a. distraction b. dispersion c. concentration

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®Arturo Ramo García.-Record of intellectual property of Teruel (Spain) No 141, of 29-IX-1999
Plaza Playa de Aro, 3, 1º DO 44002-TERUEL